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Mold equipment

  工艺设计的主要任务是为被加工零件选择合理的加工方法和加工顺序,以便能按设计要求生产出合格的成品零件。在其中,各种模具装备,包括模具、夹具和检具的设计、制造、验证和调整,是保证后续生产顺利进行的基础。
  当代模具加工制造行业发展迅速,随之同样发展迅速的还有模具行业的市场竞争——加工周期要求缩短、成本要求降低的情况下,精度要求不降反升!因此,如何提升加工设备的生产能力,具备高效的质量控制手段就越来越成为模具制造企业在竞争中胜出的关键。
  随着模具制造业的发展,模具测量技术的发展也相形相随。不同的测量技术和不同的测量设备根据模具制造的不同特点应运而生。从模具设计初期所涉及到的数字化测绘,到模具加工工序测量、修模测量,到模具验收测量和后期的模具修复测量;从电子类小尺寸模具到汽车类中大型模具和航天航空行业的大型模具测量,高精密测量设备无处不在。迄今为止,模具质量检测用到的测量设备不仅包括了经典的固定式高精密三坐标测量机,同时,因为模具制造的特点,各种适合现场在线应用的测量设备,如便携式关节臂测量机、高效白光测量机、大尺寸激光跟踪仪等测量设备也纷纷粉墨登场,并通过接触、非接触式测量,影像与激光扫描以及照相测量等探测技术满足模具产品的检测需求。
  一个典型的模具企业,除了模具的生产与制造之外,还会涉及到一些检具、夹具以及普通机加件的制造,在这种情况下,精度高、功能强、通用性好的固定式测量机就成为大多数模具企业质量检测环节首先的经典测量设备。
  对于超小型模具,如电极模具、医学类及工艺类的小尺寸模具,可以选用影像式三坐标测量机,该类模具利用影像测量能够对小弧度、小倒角及某些复杂曲线实现快速“影像抓取”测量。Optiv系列影像测量仪是测量该类小尺寸模具的首选设备。
  模具的测量要求通常包括控制型面的指定点位测量、装配和定位孔的直径和位置测量等,往往也会要求测量型面型线的轮廓度。此时,固定式测量机的高精度、自动化和点对点的接触式测量能力显得极为适用。若要求将模具工件直接与其CAD模型上的曲面进行点云匹配比对或者进行模具件的测绘使,固定式测量机还可以借助接触式连续扫描测头或者非接触式激光扫描测头,实现高效率、高密度的点云扫描测量。这里需要注意的是,因为测量结构和测量原理的不同,接触式测量的精度通常要优于非接触式测量的精度。
  同时,模具的制造与开发,还包括了诸如制造、验证、试模以及修模等过程,一种方便快速的测量系统,如来自以色列的CogniTens所提供的白光测量系统Optigo,提供了实时的各种尺寸信息,包括了曲面偏差、特征与边缘位置、截面测量以及其他的测量结果,从而快速可实现工件的验证、调整等操作。借助Optigo快速提供的实际模具表面的详细说明,可以轻松地找到与设计意图的偏差,帮助做出关于模具机加工的、理由充分且令人满意的决定,并可以支持修补和返工。在模具试验过程中,可使用Optigo来测量和分析试模后的成型板件,从而能够精确指出问题的症结并给出正确的操作方法来减少反复实验的时间。Optigo同样支持模具复制、前期维护和模具归档。
  对于夹具、检具等工艺装备,各种类型的测量系统(以便携式测量系统为主)提供了先进适用的系统安装方法和验证手段。对于尺寸比较小的,可以利用关节臂测量系统,而大尺寸的测量系统,如激光跟踪仪配合全能测量系统,提供对于大型工装夹具适合的测量方法和手段,尤其是用在汽车、航空航天领域的各种工艺装备的安装与校准。
  
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